Fluid monitoring and control system

ABSTRACT

A fluid control device includes a fluid pipe section including a fluid inlet and outlet connectable in series to a fluid pipe. A fluid valve is coupled in series within the fluid pipe section separating a fluid inlet and outlet side and controlling a fluid flow. An electric motor is mechanically connected to the fluid valve. A temperature sensor is connected to the fluid pipe section monitoring a temperature of the fluid flow. A pressure sensor is connected to the fluid pipe section monitoring a pressure of the fluid flow. A flow rate sensor is connected to the fluid pipe section monitoring a flow rate of the fluid flow. A control device processor is electrically connected to the electric motor and electrically connected to the sensors. A communication device coupled to the control device processor is for wirelessly connecting to a remotely disposed fluid monitoring and control system.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This continuation application claims priority to continuation-in-partapplication Ser. No. 16/948,713 filed on Sep. 29, 2020 which is now U.S.Pat. No. 11,237,574 issued on Feb. 1, 2022; which itself claimedpriority to continuation application Ser. No. 15/849,669 filed on Dec.21, 2017 which is now U.S. Pat. No. 10,866,601 issued on Dec. 15, 2020;which itself claimed priority to non-provisional application Ser. No.14/182,213 filed on Feb. 17, 2014 which is U.S. Pat. No. 9,857,805issued on Jan. 2, 2018; which itself claimed priority to provisionalapplication 61/766,105 filed on Feb. 18, 2013. The continuation in-partapplication Ser. No. 16/948,713 also claims priority to provisionalapplication 62/909,176 filed on Oct. 1, 2019. The contents of all theseapplications are fully incorporated herein with these references.

DESCRIPTION Field of the Invention

The present invention generally relates to fluid monitoring and control.More particularly, the present invention relates to a central hub thatis in communication with a plurality of control devices placed atvarious locations to monitor and control fluids.

Background of the Invention

The plumbing industry has lagged behind its related industries indevelopment of fundamentally new and innovative technologies in recentdecades. Due to the passive nature of fluids, the delivery of liquid,gas and air has hardly changed since their initial development decadesago. Improvements in the industry have traditionally been focused onproduct redesigns and the use of modified materials. The net effect ofthis stagnation has become aging product lines and sagging margins.Emergence of environmental, health, safety, conservation and also theincreasing need for water damage mitigation has created enormousuntapped opportunities.

Furthermore, there are no practical solutions for detection of verysmall leaks in the plumbing systems. These leaks cause hundreds ofmillions of dollars in mold and property damage in United States alone.

Accordingly, there is a need for a system that alleviates the problemsin the prior art. The present invention fulfills these needs andprovides other related advantages.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An embodiment of a fluid control device 32 has a fluid pipe section 33including a fluid inlet 35 and a fluid outlet 34 configured to beconnectable in series to a fluid pipe 36. A fluid valve 22 is coupled inseries within the fluid pipe section separating a fluid inlet side 35from a fluid outlet side 34. The fluid inlet side corresponds to thefluid inlet of the fluid pipe section and the fluid outlet sidecorresponds to the fluid outlet of the fluid pipe section. The fluidvalve controls a fluid flow through the fluid pipe section.

An electric motor 2 is mechanically connected to the fluid valve. Atleast one sensor is coupled to the fluid pipe section. The at least onesensor comprises: a temperature sensor 39 monitoring a temperature ofthe fluid flow within the fluid pipe section; a pressure sensor 40monitoring a pressure of the fluid flow within the fluid pipe section;and/or a flow rate sensor 38 monitoring a flow rate of the fluid flowwithin the fluid pipe section;

A control device processor 41 is controllably and electrically connectedto the electric motor and electrically connected to the at least onesensor. A communication device 42, 46, 47 is coupled to the controldevice processor, the communication device configured to be wirelesslyconnectable to a remotely disposed fluid monitoring and control system43, 50, 51, 52, 54.

The control device processor is configured to enter into a pre-occupancymode when powered and never previously wirelessly connected to the fluidmonitoring and control system. The pre-occupancy mode is configured tofully close the fluid valve if at least one of the following occurs:exceeding a first preset threshold for a pressure decay test; exceedinga second preset threshold for a maximum flow rate; exceeding a thirdpreset threshold for a maximum flow duration; exceeding a fourth presetthreshold for a maximum flow volume; exceeding below a fifth presetthreshold for a low temperature; exceeding above a sixth presetthreshold for a high temperature; and/or exceeding above a seventhpreset threshold for a high pressure.

In other embodiments, if the pre-occupany mode closes the fluid valve,the control device processor may be configured to illuminate an LED 60or a display 60, the LED or the display being electrically connected tothe control device processor.

In other embodiments, if the pre-occupany mode closes the fluid valve,the control device processor is configured to sound an audible alarm bya speaker 61, the speaker being electrically connected to the controldevice processor.

The fluid control device may be configured to be in wirelesscommunication with a second fluid control device disposed a distanceapart. The second fluid control device may be configured to illuminatean LED or a display or sound an audible alarm by a speaker if the fluidcontrol device has shut the fluid valve, wherein the LED, the display orthe audible alarm is electrically connected to a control deviceprocessor of the second fluid control device.

The fluid control device may be configured to exit the pre-occupancymode when the fluid control device is wirelessly connected to the fluidmonitoring and control system and a user has requested the pre-occupancymode be turned off.

The communication device may comprise a wireless communicationtransmitter and receiver 46, 47 configured to wirelessly communicatewith the fluid monitoring and control system. The transmitter andreceiver may be integrated inside the housing 1, such that no externalmodular units 46 are needed.

A housing 1 may enclose at least the electric motor and the controldevice processor.

The fluid flow may comprise a liquid flow, a gas flow, an air flow or acombination thereof.

A battery 49 or a power input 48 may be electrically connected to thecontrol device processor.

The pressure sensor may be disposed on the fluid outlet side of thefluid valve and wherein no pressure sensor is disposed on the fluidinlet side of the fluid valve. The flow rate sensor may be a turbinewheel. The fluid valve may be a ball valve.

The temperature sensor and the pressure sensor may both be disposed onthe fluid outlet side of the fluid valve.

The temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the flow rate sensor maybe all disposed on the fluid outlet side of the fluid valve.

The fluid monitoring and control device may comprise a portableelectronic device 51, a computer 53 or a smart phone 54.

In another embodiment, a fluid monitoring and control system includes acentral hub having a central processor, a user interface electronicallycoupled to the central processor and an input/output port electronicallycoupled to the central processor. A plurality of control devicescommunicate with the central hub. Each control device includes a fluidpipe section including a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet configured to beconnectable in series to a fluid pipe. A fluid valve is coupled inseries within the fluid pipe section, the fluid valve controlling afluid flow through the fluid pipe section. An electric motor ismechanically connected to the fluid valve. A temperature sensor iscoupled to the fluid pipe section monitoring a temperature of the fluidflow within the fluid pipe section. A pressure sensor is coupled to thefluid pipe section monitoring a pressure of the fluid flow within thefluid pipe section. A flow rate sensor is coupled to the fluid pipesection monitoring a flow rate of the fluid flow within the fluid pipesection. A control device processor is controllably connected to theelectric motor, temperature sensor, pressure sensor and flow sensor. Acontrol device input/output port is coupled to the control deviceprocessor, the control device input/output port in communication withthe input/output port of the central hub. The fluid flow through anyindividual device may be a liquid flow, a gas flow, an air flow or acombination thereof.

In other exemplary embodiments a housing may enclose at least theelectric motor and control device processor.

In other exemplary embodiments a control device wireless communicationtransmitter and receiver may be connectable to the control deviceinput/output port.

In other exemplary embodiments a proximity sensor or a moisture sensormay be in communication with the central hub.

In other exemplary embodiments the input/output port of the central hubmay include a central hub wireless communication transmitter andreceiver in communication with the control device wireless communicationtransmitter and receiver.

In other exemplary embodiments the user interface may be a computerscreen and a keyboard or a touch activated computer screen. The userinterface may be a website accessible from a remote computer, a firealarm system, a burglar alarm system, a mobile computer or a portableelectronic device.

In other exemplary embodiments a communication wire may be connectedphysically between the input/output ports of the central hub and controldevice. In other exemplary embodiments a battery may be coupled to thecontrol device processor. In other exemplary embodiments a power inputmay be electrically connected to the control device processor.

In other exemplary embodiments a speaker may be electrically connectedto the central hub processor for sounding a warning sound. In otherexemplary embodiments a light may be electrically connected the centralhub processor for illuminating a warning light.

An exemplary method of fluid control includes providing a fluidmonitoring and control system having the central hub and the pluralityof control devices discussed herein and also installing software on thecentral processor of the central hub controlling the plurality ofcontrolling devices, programming into the software a temperaturethreshold, a pressure threshold or a flow rate threshold of the fluidflow for at least one control device of the plurality of devices,automatically monitoring the temperature, the pressure and the flow rateof the fluid flow of the at least one control device of the plurality ofdevices by the software, and automatically closing the respective fluidvalve of the at least one control device of the plurality of controldevices by the software wherein either the temperature, the pressure orthe flow rate threshold was exceeded.

In other exemplary embodiments the step of programming into the softwarethe temperature threshold, the pressure threshold or the flow ratethreshold of the fluid flow for at least one control device of theplurality of devices may include automatically monitoring thetemperature, the pressure and the flow rate of the fluid flow by thesoftware for a defined learning period of time and automaticallyestablishing the temperature threshold, the pressure threshold or theflow rate threshold by the software during the defined learning periodof time.

In other exemplary embodiments it may include the step of automaticallyalerting the user by the software when either the temperature, thepressure or the flow rate exceeds at least one of the thresholds, wherethe step of automatically alerting the user comprises a warning light, awarning sound, a text message, an email, a pager notification, avoicemail or other electronic communication means.

In other exemplary embodiments it may include the step of automaticallyclosing a fluid valve of at least one control device of the plurality ofdevices by the software for a defined test period of time when athreshold has not been exceeded, and including the step of monitoring apressure decay during the defined test period of time, and including thestep of automatically closing the respective fluid valve of the at leastone control device of the plurality of control devices when the pressuredecay during the defined test period of time exceeds a predefinedpressure decay threshold.

In other exemplary embodiments it may include providing a moisturesensor in communication with the central processor of the central huband including the step of automatically closing a fluid valve of arespective control device of the plurality of devices when the moisturesensor detects a leak.

In other exemplary embodiments it may include providing a proximitysensor in communication with the central processor of the central hub.Furthermore, this may include providing a second temperature threshold,a second pressure threshold or a second flow rate threshold utilized formonitoring by the software, and including the step of the usercommanding the software to utilize the second thresholds through theuser interface or the step of the software automatically utilizing thesecond thresholds based upon an input from the proximity sensor. In thisway a vacation mode can be entered where a burglar use or otherunexpected fluid flow use may be quickly determined and the controldevice closed and an alert message sent to the user. Also, in this wayuse of the fluid can be better controlled based upon the movements ofthe user within a building or structure.

Other features and advantages of the present invention will becomeapparent from the following more detailed description, when taken inconjunction with the accompanying drawings, which illustrate, by way ofexample, the principles of the invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention. In such drawings:

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of an exemplary control deviceembodying the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken through the assembled structure of FIG.1;

FIG. 3 is a front view of an exemplary wireless communication moduleattachable to the structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a side view of the structure of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a back view of the structure of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 2 now showing the wirelesscommunication module; and

FIG. 7 is a schematic overview of an exemplary fluid monitoring andcontrol system embodying the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of an exemplary control device 32embodying the present invention. Each control device 32 includes a fluidpipe section 33 including a fluid inlet 35 and a fluid outlet 34configured to be connectable in series to a fluid pipe 36. As shown inthis particular embodiment, a brass union nut 17 screws onto an adapter20 to retain the tail piece that is in turn attached to the inlet pipe.This attachment is sealed by the union ring 18.

A fluid valve 22 is coupled in series within the fluid pipe section 33and is housed in the valve body 24. The fluid valve 22 controls a fluidflow 37 through the fluid pipe section 33. The adapter 20 abuts anadapter o-ring 21 and captures the ball valve 22 along with the plasticballs seats 23 against the valve body 24.

The motor 2 is coupled to the ball valve 22 through the motor coupling 6which engages a limit stop 7. The valve stem 12 engages the motorcoupling 6 and also the ball valve 22. The valve stem 12 also slipsthrough the spring seal 13 and the o-ring 14 for providing a water tightseal. The tactile switches 11 indicate the position of the valve ball22. The motor 2 may be directly connected to the ball valve 22 as shownor may be connected through a gear reduction system (not shown). Manygear reduction systems known to those skilled in the art may be used toeffectively couple the motor 2 to the ball valve 22 such as belts,pulleys or gears. In this particular embodiment a ball valve 22 is used,but it is understood that other fluid valves could be utilized such as agate valve, cylinder valve, globe valve, butterfly valve, diaphragmvalve or needle valve. The motor 2 is connected to a motor baseplate 4by screws 5. Screws 3 then fasten the baseplate 4 to the enclosure 10.

As can be seen much of these parts are captured in the enclosure 10. Acover or housing 1 encloses the motor 2 and other associated parts. Itis understood that the enclosure 10 and cover 1 can be fashioned in amultitude of shapes and sizes and is not to be limited by thisparticular shape and configuration. Screws 9 help hold the enclosure 2to the valve body 24. It is understood that the enclosure 10 and valvebody 24 could be formed as a single part and not two separate partsattached with screws or fasteners 9. Screws 31 hold the cover 1 to theenclosure 10. It is understood that the cover 1 could be snap fitted tothe enclosure 10 or other various latches and fasteners utilized.

A flow sensor 38 as shown herein includes a turbine wheel 27 thatutilizes a magnet 28 and a turbine counter weight 29 placed opposite theturbine magnet 28 for balance. A turbine shaft 26 spins within theturbine bearing 25. A fluid flow 37 flows through the rear bearingsupport 30.

A Hall Effect sensor 15 and flow sensor PCB 16 are utilized to sense therotation of the turbine wheel 27 due to the magnet 28. A Hall Effectsensor is a transducer that varies its output voltage in response to amagnetic field. Hall Effect sensors are commonly used to time the speedof wheels and shafts, such as for internal combustion engine ignitiontiming, tachometers and anti-lock braking systems. Herein, they are usedto detect the position of the permanent magnet 28. It is understood byone skilled in the art that other sensors could be utilized to determinethe flow rate of the fluid. Other sensors include a thermal mass flowsensors, an ultrasonic flow sensors and a piston sensor. In place of theHall Effect sensor 15 a reed switch can also be used.

A transducer base 8 includes a temperature sensor 39 and a pressuresensor 40. The temperature sensor 39, pressure sensor 40 and Hall Effectsensor 15 all send their information to a control device processor 41.Tactile switches 11 are also connected to processor 41 and the motor isalso powered by the processor 41. The control device processor 41 canthen send the information to an input/output port 42. The control device32 may also be powered through port 42.

The control device 32 communicates with a central hub 43. Thecommunication can be from the input/output port 42 of the control device32 to an input/output port 44 on the central hub 43. This means ahardwire 45 is connected between the control device 32 and the centralhub 43. FIG. 7 shows three hardwires 45 a-c however a single or amultitude of hardwires 45 and control devices 32 may be used.

Alternatively, a modular unit 46 as seen in FIGS. 3-5 can be attached tothe cover 1 as seen in FIG. 6. The modular unit 46 contains a wirelesscommunication transmitter and receiver 47. The modular unit 46 isdesigned to connect to the input/output port 42 of the control device32. The modular unit 46 also contains a power input 48 for an externalbattery 49 or from a hardwired power supply line (not shown). Themodular unit 46 can be utilized or not utilized and this does not changethe design the control device 32 as this adds the adaptability andfunctionality of the system.

As is best seen in FIG. 7, the central hub 43 controls all of thecontrol devices 32. FIG. 7 is just one embodiment the system canencompass, as many variations of FIG. & are possible. The central hub 43has a central processor 50 and an input/output port 44. The central hub43 also includes a user interface 51. The user interface 51 may be atouch computer screen or a screen and a keyboard. The user interface 51may be physically attached or formed with the central hub 43. This meansthe central hub 43 can be mounted within an optimal location within abuilding or structure. After the initial setup the system will befunctional without the local interface.

Alternatively, the user interface 51 may also include a remote userinterface wirelessly connected via a router 52 or hardwire connected tothe central hub 43. For example, the user interface may include a remotecomputer and keyboard 53 accessible over the Internet through a LANconnection or wireless connection 59. A smart phone or portableelectronic device 54 could even access the central hub 43 via thecloud/internet 59 or specialized software running in the cloud or on thecentral hub 43 itself.

Alternatively, the user interface 51 could also be incorporated into afire system 55 or a burglar/alarm system 56. Many fire systems andburglar/alarm systems already run sophisticated software already. Oneskilled in the art could adapt the central hub 43 to receive and sendcommands via the fire and burglar/alarm systems.

Even if the fire or burglar systems do not control the central hub 43,they can still send and receive information to the central hub 43. Forinstance, if the fire alarm is tripped, the central hub 43 could beconfigured to automatically close the valve on a control devicecontrolling the flow of natural gas.

Other devices may also be hardwire connected or wirelessly connected tothe central hub. This includes proximity/occupancy sensors 57 ormoisture sensors 58. When a user is not located within the building, aproximity sensor can register this non-occurrence and shut various fluidflows. Alternatively, when a user is located in a certain location afluid flow can be started. For instance, it is a common nuisance to haveto wait a significant amount of time for hot water to reach a particularfaucet. Some buildings constantly run a small amount of heated fluidthrough the pipes so that when needed hot water is quickly supplied. Thepresent invention could be utilized to only provide this small amount ofhot water flow based upon the proximity sensor. For instance, if aproximity sensor detected a user was near the bathroom the hot water tothe shower could be started to pre-warm the water pipes. The signalgenerated by each sensor 57, 58 can either be used by one zone ormultiple zones based on system set up.

The moisture sensor 58 can also send information to the central hub 43.For example, a moisture sensor 58 could be placed around a water heater,washing machine or under a sink to determine if a leak occurred.Alternatively, a moisture sensor could be placed within a basement todetect leaks. If a leak occurred, it could send a signal to the centralhub 43 which would then shut the appropriate valve in a correspondingcontrol device 32. Again, the moisture sensor 58 and occupancy sensor 57could be directly connected to the central hub or wirelessly connectedthrough a wireless communication transmitter and receiver 47.

Now understanding the structure of the present invention, many novelconfigurations may be utilized to create a custom system for a residenceor commercial structure. FIG. 7 is just one example where three controldevices 32 are utilized directly connected to the central hub and threecontrol devices 32 are remotely connected via the modular unit 46 withthe wireless communication transmitter and receiver 47. As can be seen,ZONE A is connected to the whole house. If water to the whole houseneeds to shut off it can by controlling just this single control device32. The control device 32 in ZONE B is connected to the lawn/sprinklersystem. This means that the lawn and sprinklers can be controlled from asingle control device 32. For instance, if the residence is away fromthe home they can remotely turn off the flow of water to the sprinklersin case the news showed it had rained significantly and watering wouldbe unneeded at this point. The control device for ZONE C controls thelaundry room. If a floor moisture sensor 58 was placed within thelaundry room, it could detect a leak and automatically turn just theflow of water off to the laundry room. This way, the water flow to therest of the house would remain usable and flowing.

For locations that are further away, it may not be feasible or easy todirectly connect the control device 32 to the central hub 43. This iswhere the wireless communication transmitter and receiver 47 areutilized. The control device 32 for ZONE X controls the kitchen. If workis needed to be performed in the kitchen to install new appliances orfix a leak, the control device 32 can just shut down the kitchen and notthe rest of the house. Additionally, a moisture sensor 58 can be placednear the refrigerator to detect any leaks and automatically turn off thewater. The control devices 32 for ZONE Y and ZONE Z control variousbathrooms. It is very common for a shower or faucet to leak. Usually onevalve controls the flow of water to the whole house. This means water tothe whole house must be turned off when servicing any component in thepiping system. With the present invention just a single bathroom canhave the water turned off to easily allow maintenance to be performedwhile not disrupting the rest of the water supply.

Other uses not specifically covered in this disclosure are possible.Relays 62 can be utilized to send and receive information from thecentral hub 43 either directly or wirelessly to control variousfunctions. The relays 62 are intended to be utilized just as easily asthe rest of the components providing the user the ability to create acustom system. The relays 62 can be connected to any system or other usenot directly mentioned in this disclosure. Relays 62 can be programed bya user to engage and create either a dry contact or produce a voltagebased on variety of conditions.

Each individual control device 32 is configured to control and monitorall fluid flows including liquids, gas, air or any combination thereof.In this way the same control device 32 can be used for water or fornatural gas. This increases the uses of the present invention to coverall fluids used in buildings. As shown herein, the control device 32 cancontrol the flow of natural gas. If the fire alarm 56 or any devicesends a signal, the natural gas can be shut off. For instance, a firemay be detected and the flow of gas should be shut down for safety.Also, if an earthquake occurs, this can damage pipes and creates leaks.The central hub 43 can shut down all control devices to ensure that noleaks are present.

Each control device measures all three states of a fluid: temperature,pressure and flow rate. In this way the control device can monitor allstates of the fluid and create alarms, notifications or shut valves ifthe individual or any combination of values based on the desiredalgorithm exceeds a set threshold. For instance, if a pressure thresholdwas set at 75 psi and the water entering the house was above this, itwould indicate that the pressure regulator for the house had failed andneeded replaced. A warning signal or notification could be sent. Forinstance, a visual notification 60 or an auditory notification 61 couldbe sent by the central hub 43 itself or also sent to any of the remoteuser interfaces such as the router 52, the smart device 54 or the remotecomputer 53. If the temperature of the hot water was below a certainthreshold, it could signal that the water heater was failing and sendthe user a notification or alarm. If the pressure to the water heaterwas rising above a threshold, it could signal that the water heater'sblow off valve was malfunctioning and needed maintenance. If a smallflow rate that was detected that was constant, it could signal a leakhad occurred. By also measuring all states of the fluid, data on theusage and consumption of the fluid would also be available. A user couldsee exactly what zone was using the most fluid. This may be helpful inimproving conservation of the fluid.

Through the software of the central hub 43, all of these notices andalerts for anything can be sent to the user interface or to the remoteuser interfaces. For example, if a leak was detected in the laundry roomand the water shut off in ZONE C, a text message could be sent to thesmart device 54. As one skilled in the art can now understand, thepresent invention can be configured in an endless multitude of ways andmethods providing the user the ability to tailor the system to their ownneeds. The software controlling the central hub 43 can be an openplatform so that others may easily modify and use it. Also, a simpleuser interface 51 and associated software can make programming thevarious control devices easy and effortless.

The software of the system can also be programmed to perform a learnmode. In some installations it may be difficult for a user to set thelimits and parameters in a newly installed system. During a learn mode,for example two weeks, the system would monitor the usage andcharacteristics of the fluid under what is considered by the user as“Normal Conditions”. Then, after the learn mode has completed anddeployed, if the fluid characteristics stray outside of the bounds ofthe Normal Condition a notification can be sent. This addedfunctionality would be helpful in identifying unusual occurrences thatwould normally go unnoticed.

The software is also configured to perform other novel methods describedherein by utilizing the novel control devices 32. A zone isolation test(ZIT) can be performed by the software programmed into the central hub43 controlling the individual control devices 32. A zone isolation testis when the central hub 43 closes a particular valve 22 at a preset timewhen it senses that a particular zone is not being used to then checkfor small leaks. For instance the system can be programmed to perform azone isolation test once a day, once a week, once a month or any periodof time desired. Alternatively, the system can use it's learn mode todetermine the time and the day to perform the zone isolation test whendownstream usage is most unlikely. Because the system can be programmedto perform the zone isolation test in off-peak hours it minimizes anyimpact a user might experience from a closed fluid line 36.

The zone isolation test isolates a downstream zone that is connected toa control device and monitors the pressure decay within the zone to thendetect very small leaks that are not otherwise detected through othermeans, such as the flow rate sensor. A small leak can be a drip behindthe wall that can cause mold or other water damage. It is very commonfor various plumbing fixtures to leak such as dripping faucets, leakytoilet valves or leaky appliances. Because the pressure decay due to asmall leak is easier to detect than a very low flow rate due to a smallleak, the pressure decay is one optimal way to identify small leaks.

Once a leak is detected, the system can send notifications on the userinterface 51 or send notifications through the remote user interfacessuch as texts or voicemail on the smart devices 54 or by email throughthe Internet to a remote computer 53. This then would notify the user ofa problem so that corrective action could be taken or a zone can beconfigured to be immediately shut down upon detection of a small leak.Any of the notification methods discussed herein could be utilized.

Other novel flow analysis methods may be used to provide addedcapability to the present invention. For example, a total flow thresholdmay be set to occur over a defined period of time. For example, a totalflow threshold may be set for a period of 6, 12 or 24 hours. If thetotal flow exceeds this threshold it could indicate that a major leakhas occurred and all control devices 32 should close their respectivevalves 22. Because each control device 32 has a flow sensor 38, only thecontrol devices 32 with the excess flow could be shut.

The total flow thresholds can also be adjusted automatically dependingupon the proximity sensors or other means. For instance, the user mayset the system into a vacation mode. In vacation mode the thresholds arevery small as any use of fluid could signal a problem. Furthermore, afluid flow during vacation mode could indicate that an intruder waspresent and used a fluid supply. For instance a burglar could drink aglass of water or flush the toilet which could then alert theauthorities.

Various modes of operation include: a) a normal operation withconfirmation of user presence (proximity/presence sensor activation); b)a normal operation without user presence; c) a vacation mode; and d) amanual mode that can be used for test of individual system components oroperating each device valve manually.

As can be understood by those skilled in the art, the present inventioncan have other devices (wired or wireless) added to the system at anytime to provide added capability and functionality. The presentinvention is not to be limited to just the devices disclosed herein asthe present invention can detect and integrate a variety of devices andinputs.

As is taught herein, the previous embodiments disclosed monitoring andcontrolling the water that is used in a dwelling by the occupants. Thesetechnologies may be designed for dwellings with occupants and theparameters that provide notifications or actions to shut the water offmay be configured and based on occupancy or offer machine learning toset its own parameters based on an occupant's usage patterns and/orbehavior. Alternative modes of operation may be based on occupants beinghome or away, such as a maintenance mode or an inactive mode.

However, there is often a long period of time from the time plumbingsystem in a structure is connected to and pressurized with water untiloccupants actually move in. This is a period of time where the watersystem may be most venerable because of the following: vandalism; issueswith plumbing materials and workmanship; point of use fixturesinstallation and malfunctioning; appliance malfunctioning, a point ofuse being left running inadvertently by tradesmen and the like.Unfortunately, builders may be not present when such issues occur whichcould then lead to extensive damage and expensive problems. Accordingly,builders and contractors are exposed to hundreds of millions of dollarsof liability due to these factors.

Therefore, the present invention has created a pre-occupancy(pre-occupation) mode which can also be referred to as a “Builder Mode”and/or a “Construction Mode”. The creation of a pre-occupancy mode inwater monitoring and control devices allows the builder/contractor toprotect the dwelling from the time water is turned on to the dwellingand the pipes are pressurized with water to until the dwelling ispermanently occupied. Normally in this period the only utility that isavailable to the construction site is electricity and that may belimited to certain hours only. Accordingly, the present invention mayalso include a battery pack and/or battery back-up device such thatpower can be provided to the device even if local power is intermittentor not available to the site. The pre-occupancy mode may be configuredto: not require Wi-Fi or internet connection; not require any pairing;and/or to enter pre-occupancy mode as long as the device is electricallyconnected while mechanically connected to a pressurized fluid system.Then, at a later point in time, the occupants can pair the device forpermanent use without uninstalling the device form plumbing.

In such a pre-occupancy mode the device will protect the dwelling basedon a set of preset parameters that does not change with usage patternbut may vary at different times of the day. For example, the parametersmay be much tighter at night when construction crews are not present.One or more sets of preset parameters may be installed by themanufacturer of the device or optionally may be provided to the builderto set custom parameters when installing the device. Furthermore,optionally the device can modify the preset parameters with a localfluid monitoring and control system such as a smart phone.

In regards to how the device works, upon initial installation and afterpowering up the device, the embedded software may be configured toautomatically default to the pre-occupancy mode. The device can beconfigured to start providing protection when the system is pressurizedwith pressures over a preset amount. As suggested, the preset pressureamount can also be set before the device is sold for installation. Oncea preset pressure is detected, this may also then trigger a processwithin the software that the device is connected to pressurized media.This may then activate the pre-occupancy mode and software which canthen start running various tests and monitoring routines based on presetparameters.

The test may include but not be limited to one or more of the following:pressure decay test to detect small leaks; maximum flow rate; maximumflow duration; maximum per event usage; combination of any or all theabove with pressure; and/or a combination of any or all the above withtemperature.

Because in the pre-occupancy mode the device may not send its normalwarnings through paired devices, notifications can now be either be inthe form of valve shut off or status light color change and/or lightingpattern. Additionally, an audible alarm may be part of the device thatcan indicate an issue has occurred. The device may also have a displaythat could communicate various conditions. Even though the device maynot be connected to the internet or to a smart device, either throughthe use of sound, lights (LEDs) or a display the device may be able tocommunicate its current status.

The device may further be programed by means of one or more switches andLEDs (multi-color or mono-color) that are built into the device. Acombination of switch presses and status LEDs can indicate thealternative parameter settings.

As can be understood by those skilled in the art, the pre-occupationmode still allows the device to provide value to the builder even thoughthe device has not been connected/paired to the internet or to a smartdevice through local communication (such as Bluetooth or alike). Thepre-occupation mode allows the device to operate and perform varioustests without such connectivity and then is able to communicate thestatus through lights, displays, sounds or shut the water to the site.

The pre-occupation mode may also be configured to search for additionalsimilar units. Typically, in construction each house may have a deviceinstalled. Therefore, closely disposed devices may be able tocommunicate with one another or form a mesh network. This featureprovides the means to simplify the management at the sites with manydevices in the same proximity (such as track housing sites) to setupdate parameters or make changes to all devices or one device throughone or more end points. For example, a first device that experiences aproblem may then be able to communicate with a second (third, fourth,fifth, etc.) device such that these other devices could also display thewarning or provide the site management with specific notifications.Depending on the system configuration, a builder looking at devicenumber 15, may be able to see device number 15 and understand thatdevice number 6 is experiencing a problem.

Furthermore, because the devices may all be able to communicate with oneanother, if one device is connected to the internet or to a smartdevice, all of the other devices may also be controlled and monitoredthrough this one device. Therefore, a builder can use a fluid monitoringand control system such as a smart phone running a custom madeapplication that can then communicate with just one of the devices andyet be able to see the status and health of all the devices that arecoupled together through the track housing while using the pre-occupancymode.

There may be several ways that the device is configured to enter into apre-occupancy mode, as the following ways are examples but are notintended to cover all the variations possible that are nowunderstandable by those skilled in the art in light of the presentteaching. For example, one way is that the control device processor isconfigured to enter into a pre-occupany mode the first time the deviceis powered. The device will stay in the pre-occupancy mode until itconnects to the fluid monitoring and control system where it can then beturned off by the user.

A second way is where the control device processor is configured toenter into a pre-occupancy mode when all of the following occurs: whenit is electrically powered; when it has not been previously wirelesslyconnected to the fluid monitoring and control system; and when thepressure sensor detects a pre-occupancy pressure threshold has beenreached indicating the fluid pipe section has been fluidically connectedin series to the fluid pipe.

A third way is where the control device processor is configured to enterinto a pre-occupancy mode when first powered and remain in thepre-occupancy mode until connected to the fluid monitoring and controlsystem and commanded to exit the pre-occupancy mode.

A fourth way is to include a button that a user can depress to defaultthe control device processor into the pre-occupancy mode.

A fifth way is to include an insert that can be manually removed by theend user, where when the insert is still installed the control deviceprocessor is configured to remain in the pre-occupancy mode. As can beseen, there are a multitude of ways that the device can be configured toenter into the pre-occupancy mode such that it protects the buildingeven before the end user takes control the property.

A sixth way is to configure the device to default upon initial start-upin the pre-occupancy mode. Thereafter, when the device is paired for thefirst time to the fluid monitoring and control system, then will it notgo back to the pre-occupancy mode but rather stay in the new settingsobtained from the pairing to the fluid monitoring and control system. Ascan be understood by these teachings, any of the ways discussed hereinmay be combined together to form a multitude of ways of activating thepre-occupancy mode.

Although several embodiments have been described in detail for purposesof illustration, various modifications may be made to each withoutdeparting from the scope and spirit of the invention. Accordingly, theinvention is not to be limited, except as by the appended claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A fluid control device, comprising: a fluid pipesection including a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet configured to beconnectable in series to a fluid pipe; a fluid valve coupled in serieswithin the fluid pipe section separating a fluid inlet side from a fluidoutlet side, wherein the fluid inlet side corresponds to the fluid inletof the fluid pipe section and the fluid outlet side corresponds to thefluid outlet of the fluid pipe section, the fluid valve controlling afluid flow through the fluid pipe section; an electric motormechanically connected to the fluid valve; a temperature sensorconnected to the fluid pipe section monitoring a temperature of thefluid flow within the fluid pipe section; a pressure sensor connected tothe fluid pipe section monitoring a pressure of the fluid flow withinthe fluid pipe section; and a flow rate sensor connected to the fluidpipe section monitoring a flow rate of the fluid flow within the fluidpipe section; a control device processor electrically connected to theelectric motor and electrically connected to the temperature sensor, thepressure sensor and the flow rate sensor; and a communication devicecoupled to the control device processor, the communication deviceconfigured to be wirelessly connectable to a remotely disposed fluidmonitoring and control system.
 2. The fluid control device of claim 1,wherein the pressure sensor is disposed on the fluid outlet side of thefluid valve.
 3. The fluid control device of claim 2, wherein no pressuresensor is disposed on the fluid inlet side of the fluid valve.
 4. Thefluid control device of claim 3, wherein the temperature sensor isdisposed on the fluid outlet side of the fluid valve.
 5. The fluidcontrol device of claim 4, wherein no temperature sensor is disposed onthe fluid inlet side of the fluid valve.
 6. The fluid control device ofclaim 5, wherein flow rate sensor is disposed on the fluid outlet sideof the fluid valve.
 7. The fluid control device of claim 6, wherein noflow rate sensor is disposed on the fluid inlet side of the fluid valve.8. The fluid control device of claim 3, wherein the fluid valve is aball valve.
 9. The fluid control device of claim 8, wherein the flowsensor is a turbine wheel.
 10. The fluid control device of claim 9,wherein the remotely disposed fluid monitoring and control systemcomprises a smart phone, a portable electronic device or a computer. 11.The fluid control device of claim 1, wherein the communication devicecomprises a wireless communication transmitter and receiver configuredto wirelessly communicate with the remotely disposed fluid monitoringand control system.
 12. The fluid control device of claim 1, including ahousing enclosing at least the electric motor and the control deviceprocessor.
 13. The fluid control device of claim 1, wherein the fluidflow comprises a liquid flow, a gas flow, an air flow or a combinationthereof.
 14. The fluid control device of claim 1, including a battery ora power input electrically connected to the control device processor.